diff --git a/01-good-old-times/tf-01.py b/01-good-old-times/tf-01.py
index d33cb4f..bb2ba0c 100755
--- a/01-good-old-times/tf-01.py
+++ b/01-good-old-times/tf-01.py
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python
 
+from __future__ import print_function
 import sys, os, string
 
 # Utility for handling the intermediate 'secondary memory'
@@ -121,6 +122,6 @@ while True:
             
 for tf in data[0:25]: # elimination of symbol tf is exercise
     if len(tf) == 2:
-        print tf[0], ' - ', tf[1]
+        print(tf[0], ' - ', tf[1])
 # We're done
 word_freqs.close()
diff --git a/02-go-forth/forth.py b/02-go-forth/forth.py
index 710b754..1ab978c 100755
--- a/02-go-forth/forth.py
+++ b/02-go-forth/forth.py
@@ -1,10 +1,16 @@
 #!/usr/local/bin/python
 #
 #   f o r t h . p y
-#   Author: Chris Meyers @ 
+#   Author: Chris Meyers @
 #           http://openbookproject.net/py4fun/forth/forth.html
 #
-import sys, re
+from __future__ import print_function
+import re
+
+try:
+    raw_input          # Python 2
+except NameError:
+    raw_input = input  # Python 3
 
 ds       = []          # The data stack
 cStack   = []          # The control struct stack
@@ -15,14 +21,14 @@ words    = []          # The input stream of tokens
 def main() :
     while 1 :
         pcode = compile()          # compile/run from user
-        if pcode == None : print; return
+        if pcode == None : print(); return
         execute(pcode)
 
 #============================== Lexical Parsing
-        
+
 def getWord (prompt="... ") :
     global words
-    while not words : 
+    while not words :
         try    : lin = raw_input(prompt)+"\n"
         except : return None
         if lin[0:1] == "@" : lin = open(lin[1:-1]).read()
@@ -56,8 +62,8 @@ def rSwap(cod,p) : a=ds.pop(); b=ds.pop(); ds.append(a); ds.append(b)
 def rDup (cod,p) : ds.append(ds[-1])
 def rDrop(cod,p) : ds.pop()
 def rOver(cod,p) : ds.append(ds[-2])
-def rDump(cod,p) : print "ds = ", ds
-def rDot (cod,p) : print ds.pop()
+def rDump(cod,p) : print("ds = ", ds)
+def rDot (cod,p) : print(ds.pop())
 def rJmp (cod,p) : return cod[p]
 def rJnz (cod,p) : return (cod[p],p+1)[ds.pop()]
 def rJz  (cod,p) : return (p+1,cod[p])[ds.pop()==0]
@@ -92,7 +98,7 @@ rDict = {
 
   'create': rCreate, 'does>': rDoes,
 }
-#================================= Compile time 
+#================================= Compile time
 
 def compile() :
     pcode = []; prompt = "Forth> "
@@ -114,12 +120,12 @@ def compile() :
             try : pcode.append(int(word))
             except :
                 try: pcode.append(float(word))
-                except : 
+                except :
                     pcode[-1] = rRun     # Change rPush to rRun
                     pcode.append(word)   # Assume word will be defined
         if not cStack : return pcode
         prompt = "...    "
-    
+
 def fatal (mesg) : raise mesg
 
 def cColon (pcode) :
@@ -168,5 +174,5 @@ cDict = {
   ':'    : cColon, ';'    : cSemi, 'if': cIf, 'else': cElse, 'then': cThen,
   'begin': cBegin, 'until': cUntil,
 }
-  
+
 if __name__ == "__main__" : main()
diff --git a/02-go-forth/tf-02.py b/02-go-forth/tf-02.py
index 0a1f605..8b9682f 100755
--- a/02-go-forth/tf-02.py
+++ b/02-go-forth/tf-02.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python
+from __future__ import print_function
 import sys, re, operator, string
 
 #
@@ -104,7 +105,7 @@ stack.append(0)
 # the last word there will be one item left
 while stack[-1] < 25 and len(stack) > 1:
     heap['i'] = stack.pop()
-    (w, f) = stack.pop(); print w, ' - ', f
+    (w, f) = stack.pop(); print(w, ' - ', f)
     stack.append(heap['i']); stack.append(1)
     stack.append(stack.pop() + stack.pop())
 
diff --git a/03-monolith/tf-03.py b/03-monolith/tf-03.py
index 3c74362..08cfb55 100755
--- a/03-monolith/tf-03.py
+++ b/03-monolith/tf-03.py
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python
 
+from __future__ import print_function
 import sys, string
 # the global list of [word, frequency] pairs
 word_freqs = []
@@ -47,5 +48,5 @@ for line in open(sys.argv[1]):
         i += 1
 
 for tf in word_freqs[0:25]:
-    print tf[0], ' - ', tf[1]
+    print(tf[0], ' - ', tf[1])
 
diff --git a/04-cookbook/tf-04.py b/04-cookbook/tf-04.py
index 423f403..4c9a193 100755
--- a/04-cookbook/tf-04.py
+++ b/04-cookbook/tf-04.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python
+from __future__ import print_function
 import sys, string
 
 # The shared mutable data
@@ -54,7 +55,7 @@ def remove_stop_words():
 def frequencies():
     """
     Creates a list of pairs associating
-    words with frequencies 
+    words with frequencies
     """
     global words
     global word_freqs
@@ -70,7 +71,7 @@ def sort():
     Sorts word_freqs by frequency
     """
     global word_freqs
-    word_freqs.sort(lambda x, y: cmp(y[1], x[1]))
+    word_freqs.sort(key=lambda x: x[1], reverse=True)
 
 
 #
@@ -84,5 +85,4 @@ frequencies()
 sort()
 
 for tf in word_freqs[0:25]:
-    print tf[0], ' - ', tf[1]
-
+    print(tf[0], ' - ', tf[1])
diff --git a/05-pipeline/tf-05.py b/05-pipeline/tf-05.py
index 79c916b..f95e102 100755
--- a/05-pipeline/tf-05.py
+++ b/05-pipeline/tf-05.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python
+from __future__ import print_function
 import sys, re, operator, string
 
 #
@@ -65,7 +66,7 @@ def print_all(word_freqs):
     Takes a list of pairs where the entries are sorted by frequency and print them recursively.
     """
     if(len(word_freqs) > 0):
-        print word_freqs[0][0], ' - ', word_freqs[0][1]
+        print(word_freqs[0][0], ' - ', word_freqs[0][1])
         print_all(word_freqs[1:]);
 
 #
diff --git a/06-code-golf/tf-06-1.py b/06-code-golf/tf-06-1.py
index 668fedd..711c89d 100644
--- a/06-code-golf/tf-06-1.py
+++ b/06-code-golf/tf-06-1.py
@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python
+from __future__ import print_function
 import re, string, sys
 
 stops = set(open("../stop_words.txt").read().split(",") + list(string.ascii_lowercase))
 words = [x.lower() for x in re.split("[^a-zA-Z]+", open(sys.argv[1]).read()) if len(x) > 0 and x.lower() not in stops]
 unique_words = list(set(words))
-unique_words.sort(lambda x, y: cmp(words.count(y), words.count(x)))
-print "\n".join(["%s - %s" % (x, words.count(x)) for x in unique_words[:25]])
+unique_words.sort(key=lambda x: words.count(x), reverse=True)
+print("\n".join(["%s - %s" % (x, words.count(x)) for x in unique_words[:25]]))
diff --git a/06-code-golf/tf-06-bm.py b/06-code-golf/tf-06-bm.py
index 2a1fb63..34e8d50 100644
--- a/06-code-golf/tf-06-bm.py
+++ b/06-code-golf/tf-06-bm.py
@@ -1 +1,3 @@
+from __future__ import print_function
+from functools import reduce
 print (reduce(lambda string, tup: string + tup[0] + ' - ' + str(tup[1]) + '\n', sorted( filter(lambda tup: tup[0] not in open(__import__('os').path.join(__import__('os').path.dirname(__file__), '..', 'stop_words.txt')).read().lower().split(','),  reduce(lambda word_dict, word: word_dict if (word_dict.__setitem__(word, word_dict.get(word, 0) + 1) if True else None) else word_dict, filter(lambda word: len(word) > 1, (''.join(map(lambda letter: ' ' if ord(letter) not in set(range(ord('a'), ord('z') + 1)) else letter, open(__import__('sys').argv[1]).read().lower()))).split()), {}).iteritems()), key=lambda tup: tup[1], reverse=True)[0:25], '')) # hole in one?
diff --git a/06-code-golf/tf-06-pn.py b/06-code-golf/tf-06-pn.py
index 3071f64..1df5e05 100755
--- a/06-code-golf/tf-06-pn.py
+++ b/06-code-golf/tf-06-pn.py
@@ -2,10 +2,11 @@
 # My golf score is slightly lower!  
 # Best wishes, Peter Norvig
 
+from __future__ import print_function
 import re, sys, collections
 
 stopwords = set(open('../stop_words.txt').read().split(','))
 words = re.findall('[a-z]{2,}', open(sys.argv[1]).read().lower())
 counts = collections.Counter(w for w in words if w not in stopwords)
 for (w, c) in counts.most_common(25):
-    print w, '-', c
+    print(w, '-', c)
diff --git a/06-code-golf/tf-06.py b/06-code-golf/tf-06.py
index 4dcce5e..ad02820 100755
--- a/06-code-golf/tf-06.py
+++ b/06-code-golf/tf-06.py
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python
+from __future__ import print_function
 import heapq, re, sys
 
 words = re.findall("[a-z]{2,}", open(sys.argv[1]).read().lower())
 for w in heapq.nlargest(25, set(words) - set(open("../stop_words.txt").read().split(",")), words.count):
-    print w, "-", words.count(w)
+    print(w, "-", words.count(w))
diff --git a/07-infinite-mirror/tf-07.py b/07-infinite-mirror/tf-07.py
index e622226..98a7798 100755
--- a/07-infinite-mirror/tf-07.py
+++ b/07-infinite-mirror/tf-07.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python
+from __future__ import print_function
 import re, sys, operator
 
 # Mileage may vary. If this crashes, make it lower
@@ -29,7 +30,7 @@ def wf_print(wordfreq):
         return
     else:
         (w, c) = wordfreq[0]
-        print w, '-', c
+        print(w, '-', c)
         wf_print(wordfreq[1:])
 
 stop_words = set(open('../stop_words.txt').read().split(','))
diff --git a/08-kick-forward/tf-08.py b/08-kick-forward/tf-08.py
index 637e262..8044f58 100755
--- a/08-kick-forward/tf-08.py
+++ b/08-kick-forward/tf-08.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python
+from __future__ import print_function
 import sys, re, operator, string
 
 #
@@ -40,7 +41,7 @@ def sort(wf, func):
 
 def print_text(word_freqs, func):
     for (w, c) in word_freqs[0:25]:
-        print w, "-", c
+        print(w, "-", c)
     func(None)
 
 def no_op(func):
diff --git a/09-the-one/tf-09.py b/09-the-one/tf-09.py
index 5b8cf7c..eaf6deb 100755
--- a/09-the-one/tf-09.py
+++ b/09-the-one/tf-09.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python
+from __future__ import print_function
 import sys, re, operator, string
 
 #
@@ -13,7 +14,7 @@ class TFTheOne:
         return self
 
     def printme(self):
-        print self._value
+        print(self._value)
 
 #
 # The functions
diff --git a/10-things/tf-10.py b/10-things/tf-10.py
index 531f217..2bb3544 100755
--- a/10-things/tf-10.py
+++ b/10-things/tf-10.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python
+from __future__ import print_function
 import sys, re, operator, string
 from abc import ABCMeta
 
@@ -73,7 +74,7 @@ class WordFrequencyController(TFExercise):
 
         word_freqs = self._word_freq_manager.sorted()
         for (w, c) in word_freqs[0:25]:
-            print w, ' - ', c
+            print(w, ' - ', c)
 
 #
 # The main function
diff --git a/11-letterbox/tf-11.py b/11-letterbox/tf-11.py
index bdd7696..e9f041c 100755
--- a/11-letterbox/tf-11.py
+++ b/11-letterbox/tf-11.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python
+from __future__ import print_function
 import sys, re, operator, string
 
 class DataStorageManager():
@@ -89,7 +90,7 @@ class WordFrequencyController():
 
         word_freqs = self._word_freq_manager.dispatch(['sorted'])
         for (w, c) in word_freqs[0:25]:
-            print w, ' - ', c
+            print(w, ' - ', c)
 
 #
 # The main function
diff --git a/12-closed-maps/tf-12.py b/12-closed-maps/tf-12.py
index 79b8ba1..7e53560 100644
--- a/12-closed-maps/tf-12.py
+++ b/12-closed-maps/tf-12.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python
+from __future__ import print_function
 import sys, re, operator, string
 
 # Auxiliary functions that can't be lambdas
@@ -46,4 +47,4 @@ for w in data_storage_obj['words']():
 
 word_freqs = word_freqs_obj['sorted']()
 for (w, c) in word_freqs[0:25]:
-    print w, ' - ', c
+    print(w, ' - ', c)
diff --git a/13-abstract-things/tf-13.py b/13-abstract-things/tf-13.py
index 477216c..41af3a7 100755
--- a/13-abstract-things/tf-13.py
+++ b/13-abstract-things/tf-13.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python
+from __future__ import print_function
 import abc, sys, re, operator, string
 
 #
@@ -97,7 +98,7 @@ class WordFrequencyController:
 
         word_freqs = self._word_freq_counter.sorted()
         for (w, c) in word_freqs[0:25]:
-            print w, ' - ', c
+            print(w, ' - ', c)
 
 #
 # The main function
diff --git a/14-hollywood/tf-14.py b/14-hollywood/tf-14.py
index b05d661..551a937 100755
--- a/14-hollywood/tf-14.py
+++ b/14-hollywood/tf-14.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python
+from __future__ import print_function
 import sys, re, operator, string
 
 #
@@ -89,7 +90,7 @@ class WordFrequencyCounter:
     def __print_freqs(self):
         word_freqs = sorted(self._word_freqs.iteritems(), key=operator.itemgetter(1), reverse=True)
         for (w, c) in word_freqs[0:25]:
-            print w, ' - ', c
+            print(w, ' - ', c)
 
 #
 # The main function
diff --git a/15-bulletin-board/tf-15.py b/15-bulletin-board/tf-15.py
index d08a14f..4327f73 100755
--- a/15-bulletin-board/tf-15.py
+++ b/15-bulletin-board/tf-15.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python
+from __future__ import print_function
 import sys, re, operator, string
 
 #
@@ -79,7 +80,7 @@ class WordFrequencyCounter:
     def print_freqs(self, event):
         word_freqs = sorted(self._word_freqs.iteritems(), key=operator.itemgetter(1), reverse=True)
         for (w, c) in word_freqs[0:25]:
-            print w, ' - ', c
+            print(w, ' - ', c)
 
 class WordFrequencyApplication:
     def __init__(self, event_manager):
diff --git a/16-introspective/tf-16.py b/16-introspective/tf-16.py
index ab4af9d..5c9659a 100755
--- a/16-introspective/tf-16.py
+++ b/16-introspective/tf-16.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python
+from __future__ import print_function
 import sys, re, operator, string, inspect
 
 def read_stop_words():
@@ -39,7 +40,7 @@ def sort(word_freq):
 def main():
     word_freqs = sort(frequencies(extract_words(sys.argv[1])))
     for (w, c) in word_freqs[0:25]:
-        print w, ' - ', c
+        print(w, ' - ', c)
 
 if __name__ == "__main__":
     main()
diff --git a/17-reflective/tf-17.py b/17-reflective/tf-17.py
index 11ac5cf..8495ed6 100755
--- a/17-reflective/tf-17.py
+++ b/17-reflective/tf-17.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python
+from __future__ import print_function
 import sys, re, operator, string, os
 
 #
@@ -44,5 +45,5 @@ exec('sort = ' + sort_func)
 word_freqs = locals()['sort'](locals()['frequencies'](locals()['extract_words'](filename)))
 
 for (w, c) in word_freqs[0:25]:
-    print w, ' - ', c
+    print(w, ' - ', c)
 
diff --git a/18-aspects/tf-18.py b/18-aspects/tf-18.py
index ad0a993..b4f0006 100755
--- a/18-aspects/tf-18.py
+++ b/18-aspects/tf-18.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python
+from __future__ import print_function
 import sys, re, operator, string, time
 
 #
@@ -32,7 +33,7 @@ def profile(f):
         start_time = time.time()
         ret_value = f(*arg, **kw)
         elapsed = time.time() - start_time
-        print "%s(...) took %s secs" % (f.__name__, elapsed)
+        print("%s(...) took %s secs" % (f.__name__, elapsed))
         return ret_value
     return profilewrapper
 
@@ -40,10 +41,10 @@ def profile(f):
 tracked_functions = [extract_words, frequencies, sort]
 # weaver
 for func in tracked_functions:
-    globals()[func.func_name]=profile(func)
+    globals()[func.__name__]=profile(func)
 
 word_freqs = sort(frequencies(extract_words(sys.argv[1])))
 
 for (w, c) in word_freqs[0:25]:
-    print w, ' - ', c
+    print(w, ' - ', c)
 
diff --git a/19-plugins/tf-19.py b/19-plugins/tf-19.py
index aaf752c..e94096d 100755
--- a/19-plugins/tf-19.py
+++ b/19-plugins/tf-19.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python
+from __future__ import print_function
 import sys, ConfigParser, imp
 
 def load_plugins():
@@ -14,5 +15,5 @@ load_plugins()
 word_freqs = tffreqs.top25(tfwords.extract_words(sys.argv[1]))
 
 for (w, c) in word_freqs:
-    print w, ' - ', c
+    print(w, ' - ', c)
 
diff --git a/20-constructivist/tf-20.py b/20-constructivist/tf-20.py
index 5e4c859..b3c727a 100755
--- a/20-constructivist/tf-20.py
+++ b/20-constructivist/tf-20.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python
+from __future__ import print_function
 import sys, re, operator, string, inspect
 
 #
@@ -12,7 +13,7 @@ def extract_words(path_to_file):
         with open(path_to_file) as f:
             str_data = f.read()
     except IOError as e:
-        print "I/O error({0}) when opening {1}: {2}".format(e.errno, path_to_file, e.strerror)
+        print("I/O error({0}) when opening {1}: {2}".format(e.errno, path_to_file, e.strerror))
         return []
     
     pattern = re.compile('[\W_]+')
@@ -27,7 +28,7 @@ def remove_stop_words(word_list):
         with open('../stop_words.txt') as f:
             stop_words = f.read().split(',')
     except IOError as e:
-        print "I/O error({0}) when opening ../stops_words.txt: {1}".format(e.errno, e.strerror)
+        print("I/O error({0}) when opening ../stops_words.txt: {1}".format(e.errno, e.strerror))
         return word_list
 
     stop_words.extend(list(string.ascii_lowercase))
@@ -58,5 +59,5 @@ filename = sys.argv[1] if len(sys.argv) > 1 else "../input.txt"
 word_freqs = sort(frequencies(remove_stop_words(extract_words(filename))))
 
 for tf in word_freqs[0:25]:
-    print tf[0], ' - ', tf[1]
+    print(tf[0], ' - ', tf[1])
 
diff --git a/21-tantrum/tf-21.py b/21-tantrum/tf-21.py
index 1f1d35b..b649656 100755
--- a/21-tantrum/tf-21.py
+++ b/21-tantrum/tf-21.py
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python
 
+from __future__ import print_function
 import sys, re, operator, string, traceback
 
 #
@@ -13,7 +14,7 @@ def extract_words(path_to_file):
         with open(path_to_file) as f:
             str_data = f.read()
     except IOError as e:
-        print "I/O error({0}) when opening {1}: {2}! I quit!".format(e.errno, path_to_file, e.strerror)
+        print("I/O error({0}) when opening {1}: {2}! I quit!".format(e.errno, path_to_file, e.strerror))
         raise e
     
     pattern = re.compile('[\W_]+')
@@ -27,7 +28,7 @@ def remove_stop_words(word_list):
         with open('../stop_words.txt') as f:
             stop_words = f.read().split(',')
     except IOError as e:
-        print "I/O error({0}) when opening ../stops_words.txt: {1}! I quit!".format(e.errno, e.strerror)
+        print("I/O error({0}) when opening ../stops_words.txt: {1}! I quit!".format(e.errno, e.strerror))
         raise e
 
     stop_words.extend(list(string.ascii_lowercase))
@@ -35,7 +36,7 @@ def remove_stop_words(word_list):
 
 def frequencies(word_list):
     assert(type(word_list) is list), "I need a list!"
-    assert(word_list <> []), "I need a non-empty list!"
+    assert(word_list != []), "I need a non-empty list!"
 
     word_freqs = {}
     for w in word_list:
@@ -47,12 +48,12 @@ def frequencies(word_list):
 
 def sort(word_freq):
     assert(type(word_freq) is dict), "I need a dictionary!"
-    assert(word_freq <> {}), "I need a non-empty dictionary!"
+    assert(word_freq != {}), "I need a non-empty dictionary!"
 
     try:
         return sorted(word_freq.iteritems(), key=operator.itemgetter(1), reverse=True)
     except Exception as e:
-        print "Sorted threw {0}: {1}".format(e)
+        print("Sorted threw {0}: {1}".format(e))
         raise e
 
 #
@@ -65,8 +66,8 @@ try:
     assert(type(word_freqs) is list), "OMG! This is not a list!"
     assert(len(word_freqs) > 25), "SRSLY? Less than 25 words!"
     for (w, c) in word_freqs[0:25]:
-        print w, ' - ', c
+        print(w, ' - ', c)
 except Exception as e:
-    print "Something wrong: {0}".format(e)
+    print("Something wrong: {0}".format(e))
     traceback.print_exc()
     
diff --git a/22-passive-aggressive/tf-22.py b/22-passive-aggressive/tf-22.py
index 573df16..ac2bd04 100644
--- a/22-passive-aggressive/tf-22.py
+++ b/22-passive-aggressive/tf-22.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python
+from __future__ import print_function
 import sys, re, operator, string
 
 #
@@ -25,7 +26,7 @@ def remove_stop_words(word_list):
 
 def frequencies(word_list):
     assert(type(word_list) is list), "I need a list! I quit!"
-    assert(word_list <> []), "I need a non-empty list! I quit!"
+    assert(word_list != []), "I need a non-empty list! I quit!"
 
     word_freqs = {}
     for w in word_list:
@@ -37,7 +38,7 @@ def frequencies(word_list):
 
 def sort(word_freqs):
     assert(type(word_freqs) is dict), "I need a dictionary! I quit!"
-    assert(word_freqs <> {}), "I need a non-empty dictionary! I quit!"
+    assert(word_freqs != {}), "I need a non-empty dictionary! I quit!"
 
     return sorted(word_freqs.iteritems(), key=operator.itemgetter(1), reverse=True)
 
@@ -50,8 +51,8 @@ try:
 
     assert(len(word_freqs) > 25), "OMG! Less than 25 words! I QUIT!"
     for tf in word_freqs[0:25]:
-        print tf[0], ' - ', tf[1]
+        print(tf[0], ' - ', tf[1])
 except Exception as e:
-        print "Something wrong: {0}".format(e)
+        print("Something wrong: {0}".format(e))
 
 
diff --git a/22-passive-aggressive/tf-23-monadic.py b/22-passive-aggressive/tf-23-monadic.py
index 77f821d..8fd1bc4 100644
--- a/22-passive-aggressive/tf-23-monadic.py
+++ b/22-passive-aggressive/tf-23-monadic.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python
+from __future__ import print_function
 import sys, re, operator, string
 
 #
@@ -21,9 +22,9 @@ class TFPassiveAggressive:
 
     def printme(self):
         if self._e == None:
-            print self._value
+            print(self._value)
         else:
-            print self._e, " in ", self._offending_func.__name__
+            print(self._e, " in ", self._offending_func.__name__)
 
 #
 # The functions
@@ -53,7 +54,7 @@ def remove_stop_words(word_list):
 
 def frequencies(word_list):
     assert(type(word_list) is list), "I need a list! I quit!"
-    assert(word_list <> []), "I need a non-empty list! I quit!"
+    assert(word_list != []), "I need a non-empty list! I quit!"
 
     word_freqs = {}
     for w in word_list:
@@ -65,13 +66,13 @@ def frequencies(word_list):
 
 def sort(word_freqs):
     assert(type(word_freqs) is dict), "I need a dictionary! I quit!"
-    assert(word_freqs <> {}), "I need a non-empty dictionary! I quit!"
+    assert(word_freqs != {}), "I need a non-empty dictionary! I quit!"
 
     return sorted(word_freqs.iteritems(), key=operator.itemgetter(1), reverse=True)
 
 def top25_freqs(word_freqs):
     assert(type(word_freqs) is list), "I need a list! I quit!"
-    assert(word_freqs <> {}), "I need a non-empty dictionary! I quit!"
+    assert(word_freqs != {}), "I need a non-empty dictionary! I quit!"
 
     top25 = ""
     for tf in word_freqs[0:25]:
diff --git a/23-declared-intentions/tf-23.py b/23-declared-intentions/tf-23.py
index 9eac854..1b703d1 100644
--- a/23-declared-intentions/tf-23.py
+++ b/23-declared-intentions/tf-23.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python
+from __future__ import print_function
 import sys, re, operator, string, inspect
 
 #
@@ -11,7 +12,7 @@ class AcceptTypes():
     def __call__(self, f):
         def wrapped_f(*args):
             for i in range(len(self._args)):
-                if type(args[i]) <> self._args[i]:
+                if type(args[i]) != self._args[i]:
                     raise TypeError("Expecting %s got %s" % (str(self._args[i]), str(type(args[i]))))
             return f(*args)
         return wrapped_f
@@ -45,5 +46,5 @@ def sort(word_freq):
 
 word_freqs = sort(frequencies(extract_words(sys.argv[1])))
 for (w, c) in word_freqs[0:25]:
-    print w, ' - ', c
+    print(w, ' - ', c)
 
diff --git a/24-quarantine/tf-24.py b/24-quarantine/tf-24.py
index 6501599..3a69824 100644
--- a/24-quarantine/tf-24.py
+++ b/24-quarantine/tf-24.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python
+from __future__ import print_function
 import sys, re, operator, string
 
 #
@@ -19,7 +20,7 @@ class TFQuarantine:
         value = lambda : None
         for func in self._funcs:
             value = func(guard_callable(value))
-        print guard_callable(value)
+        print(guard_callable(value))
 
 #
 # The functions
diff --git a/25-persistent-tables/tf-25.py b/25-persistent-tables/tf-25.py
index 4989688..67dd107 100755
--- a/25-persistent-tables/tf-25.py
+++ b/25-persistent-tables/tf-25.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python
+from __future__ import print_function
 import sys, re, string, sqlite3, os.path
 
 #
@@ -66,4 +67,4 @@ with sqlite3.connect('tf.db') as connection:
     for i in range(25):
         row = c.fetchone()
         if row != None:
-            print row[0] + ' - '  + str(row[1])
+            print(row[0] + ' - '  + str(row[1]))
diff --git a/26-spreadsheet/tf-26.py b/26-spreadsheet/tf-26.py
index c1816d7..b07656c 100755
--- a/26-spreadsheet/tf-26.py
+++ b/26-spreadsheet/tf-26.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python
+from __future__ import print_function
 import sys, re, itertools, operator
 
 #
@@ -46,4 +47,4 @@ stop_words[0] = set(open('../stop_words.txt').read().split(','))
 update()
 
 for (w, c) in sorted_data[0][:25]:
-    print w, '-', c
+    print(w, '-', c)
diff --git a/27-lazy-rivers/tf-27.py b/27-lazy-rivers/tf-27.py
index 66f42b6..b1cdbb7 100755
--- a/27-lazy-rivers/tf-27.py
+++ b/27-lazy-rivers/tf-27.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python
+from __future__ import print_function
 import sys, operator, string
 
 def characters(filename):
@@ -42,7 +43,7 @@ def count_and_sort(filename):
 # The main function
 #
 for word_freqs in count_and_sort(sys.argv[1]):
-    print "-----------------------------"
+    print("-----------------------------")
     for (w, c) in word_freqs[0:25]:
-        print w, ' - ', c
+        print(w, ' - ', c)
 
diff --git a/28-actors/tf-28.py b/28-actors/tf-28.py
index 69f76c2..3ee5740 100755
--- a/28-actors/tf-28.py
+++ b/28-actors/tf-28.py
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python
 
+from __future__ import print_function
 import sys, re, operator, string
 from threading import Thread
 from Queue import Queue
@@ -114,7 +115,7 @@ class WordFrequencyController(ActiveWFObject):
     def _display(self, message):
         word_freqs = message[0]
         for (w, f) in word_freqs[0:25]:
-            print w, ' - ', f
+            print(w, ' - ', f)
         send(self._storage_manager, ['die'])
         self._stop = True
 
diff --git a/29-dataspaces/tf-29.py b/29-dataspaces/tf-29.py
index a22b385..76afb9e 100755
--- a/29-dataspaces/tf-29.py
+++ b/29-dataspaces/tf-29.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python
+from __future__ import print_function
 import re, sys, operator, Queue, threading
 
 # Two data spaces
@@ -49,4 +50,4 @@ while not freq_space.empty():
         word_freqs[k] = count
         
 for (w, c) in sorted(word_freqs.iteritems(), key=operator.itemgetter(1), reverse=True)[:25]:
-    print w, '-', c
+    print(w, '-', c)
diff --git a/30-map-reduce/tf-30.py b/30-map-reduce/tf-30.py
index c94c875..ce2db3b 100755
--- a/30-map-reduce/tf-30.py
+++ b/30-map-reduce/tf-30.py
@@ -1,11 +1,19 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python
+from __future__ import print_function
 import sys, re, operator, string
+from functools import reduce
+
+try:
+    xrange          # Python 2
+except NameError:
+    xrange = range  # Python 3
+
 
 #
 # Functions for map reduce
 #
 def partition(data_str, nlines):
-    """ 
+    """
     Partitions the input data_str (a big string)
     into chunks of nlines.
     """
@@ -14,8 +22,8 @@ def partition(data_str, nlines):
         yield '\n'.join(lines[i:i+nlines])
 
 def split_words(data_str):
-    """ 
-    Takes a string,  returns a list of pairs (word, 1), 
+    """
+    Takes a string,  returns a list of pairs (word, 1),
     one for each word in the input, so
     [(w1, 1), (w2, 1), ..., (wn, 1)]
     """
@@ -37,10 +45,10 @@ def split_words(data_str):
     return result
 
 def count_words(pairs_list_1, pairs_list_2):
-    """ 
+    """
     Takes two lists of pairs of the form
     [(w1, 1), ...]
-    and returns a list of pairs [(w1, frequency), ...], 
+    and returns a list of pairs [(w1, frequency), ...],
     where frequency is the sum of all the reported occurrences
     """
     mapping = dict((k, v) for k, v in pairs_list_1)
@@ -70,5 +78,4 @@ splits.insert(0, []) # Normalize input to reduce
 word_freqs = sort(reduce(count_words, splits))
 
 for (w, c) in word_freqs[0:25]:
-    print w, ' - ', c
-
+    print(w, ' - ', c)
diff --git a/31-double-map-reduce/tf-31.py b/31-double-map-reduce/tf-31.py
index b6d112a..997c05f 100755
--- a/31-double-map-reduce/tf-31.py
+++ b/31-double-map-reduce/tf-31.py
@@ -1,11 +1,19 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python
+from __future__ import print_function
 import sys, re, operator, string
+from functools import reduce
+
+try:
+    xrange          # Python 2
+except NameError:
+    xrange = range  # Python 3
+
 
 #
 # Functions for map reduce
 #
 def partition(data_str, nlines):
-    """ 
+    """
     Partitions the input data_str (a big string)
     into chunks of nlines.
     """
@@ -14,8 +22,8 @@ def partition(data_str, nlines):
         yield '\n'.join(lines[i:i+nlines])
 
 def split_words(data_str):
-    """ 
-    Takes a string, returns a list of pairs (word, 1), 
+    """
+    Takes a string, returns a list of pairs (word, 1),
     one for each word in the input, so
     [(w1, 1), (w2, 1), ..., (wn, 1)]
     """
@@ -38,14 +46,14 @@ def split_words(data_str):
 
 def regroup(pairs_list):
     """
-    Takes a list of lists of pairs of the form 
+    Takes a list of lists of pairs of the form
     [[(w1, 1), (w2, 1), ..., (wn, 1)],
      [(w1, 1), (w2, 1), ..., (wn, 1)],
      ...]
-    and returns a dictionary mapping each unique word to the 
+    and returns a dictionary mapping each unique word to the
     corresponding list of pairs, so
-    { w1 : [(w1, 1), (w1, 1)...], 
-      w2 : [(w2, 1), (w2, 1)...], 
+    { w1 : [(w1, 1), (w1, 1)...],
+      w2 : [(w2, 1), (w2, 1)...],
       ...}
     """
     mapping = {}
@@ -56,11 +64,11 @@ def regroup(pairs_list):
             else:
                 mapping[p[0]] = [p]
     return mapping
-    
+
 def count_words(mapping):
-    """ 
+    """
     Takes a mapping of the form (word, [(word, 1), (word, 1)...)])
-    and returns a pair (word, frequency), where frequency is the 
+    and returns a pair (word, frequency), where frequency is the
     sum of all the reported occurrences
     """
     def add(x, y):
@@ -87,5 +95,4 @@ splits_per_word = regroup(splits)
 word_freqs = sort(map(count_words, splits_per_word.items()))
 
 for (w, c) in word_freqs[0:25]:
-    print w, ' - ', c
-
+    print(w, ' - ', c)
diff --git a/32-trinity/tf-32-active.py b/32-trinity/tf-32-active.py
index 47e3fd3..4b14575 100755
--- a/32-trinity/tf-32-active.py
+++ b/32-trinity/tf-32-active.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python
+from __future__ import print_function
 import sys, operator, string, os, threading, re
 from util import getch, cls, get_input
 from time import sleep
@@ -38,7 +39,7 @@ class FreqObserver(threading.Thread):
         def refresh_screen(data):
             # clear screen
             cls()
-            print data
+            print(data)
             sys.stdout.flush()
 
         data_str = ""
@@ -57,7 +58,7 @@ class WordsCounter:
             for line in f:
                 yield [w for w in re.findall('[a-z]{2,}', line.lower()) if w not in stopwords]
 
-        words = non_stop_words().next()
+        words = next(non_stop_words())
         lock.acquire()
         for w in words:
             self.freqs[w] = 1 if w not in self.freqs else self.freqs[w]+1
@@ -66,8 +67,8 @@ class WordsCounter:
 #
 # The controller
 #
-print "Press space bar to fetch words from the file one by one"
-print "Press ESC to switch to automatic mode"
+print("Press space bar to fetch words from the file one by one")
+print("Press ESC to switch to automatic mode")
 model = WordsCounter()
 view = FreqObserver(model.freqs)
 with open(sys.argv[1]) as f:
diff --git a/32-trinity/tf-32-reactive.py b/32-trinity/tf-32-reactive.py
index 89e06fb..65c9399 100644
--- a/32-trinity/tf-32-reactive.py
+++ b/32-trinity/tf-32-reactive.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python
+from __future__ import print_function
 import sys, re, operator, collections
 
 class WordFrequenciesModel:
@@ -19,7 +20,7 @@ class WordFrequenciesModel:
             for obs in self._observers:
                 obs.render()
         except IOError:
-            print "File not found"
+            print("File not found")
             self.freqs = {}
 
 class WordFrequenciesView:
@@ -30,7 +31,7 @@ class WordFrequenciesView:
     def render(self):
         sorted_freqs = sorted(self._model.freqs.iteritems(), key=operator.itemgetter(1), reverse=True)
         for (w, c) in sorted_freqs[:25]:
-            print w, '-', c
+            print(w, '-', c)
 
 class WordFrequencyController:
     def __init__(self, model, view):
@@ -39,7 +40,7 @@ class WordFrequencyController:
     def run(self):
         self._model.update(sys.argv[1])
         while True:
-            print "Next file: " 
+            print("Next file: ") 
             sys.stdout.flush() 
             filename = sys.stdin.readline().strip()
             self._model.update(filename)
diff --git a/32-trinity/tf-32.py b/32-trinity/tf-32.py
index 383ca56..fee95d6 100755
--- a/32-trinity/tf-32.py
+++ b/32-trinity/tf-32.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python
+from __future__ import print_function
 import sys, re, operator, collections
 
 class WordFrequenciesModel:
@@ -14,7 +15,7 @@ class WordFrequenciesModel:
             words = re.findall('[a-z]{2,}', open(path_to_file).read().lower())
             self.freqs = collections.Counter(w for w in words if w not in self.stopwords)
         except IOError:
-            print "File not found"
+            print("File not found")
             self.freqs = {}
 
 class WordFrequenciesView:
@@ -24,7 +25,7 @@ class WordFrequenciesView:
     def render(self):
         sorted_freqs = sorted(self._model.freqs.iteritems(), key=operator.itemgetter(1), reverse=True)
         for (w, c) in sorted_freqs[0:25]:
-            print w, '-', c
+            print(w, '-', c)
 
 class WordFrequencyController:
     def __init__(self, model, view):
@@ -33,7 +34,7 @@ class WordFrequencyController:
 
     def run(self):
         while True:
-            print "Next file: " 
+            print("Next file: ") 
             sys.stdout.flush() 
             filename = sys.stdin.readline().strip()
             self._model.update(filename)
diff --git a/32-trinity/util.py b/32-trinity/util.py
index e7c2526..92c8d85 100755
--- a/32-trinity/util.py
+++ b/32-trinity/util.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import sys, os
+import os
 
 #
 # getch in a platform-independent way
@@ -65,11 +65,10 @@ def get_input():
     if not interactive:
         return True
 
-    while True: 
+    while True:
         key = ord(getch())
         if key == 32: # space bar
             return True
         elif key == 27: # ESC
             interactive = False
             return True
-
diff --git a/33-restful/tf-33.py b/33-restful/tf-33.py
index 7b5960a..483e9a8 100755
--- a/33-restful/tf-33.py
+++ b/33-restful/tf-33.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python
+from __future__ import print_function
 import re, string, sys
 
 with open("../stop_words.txt") as f:
@@ -22,7 +23,7 @@ def quit_handler(args):
 
 def upload_get_handler(args):
     return "Name of file to upload?", ["post", "file"]
-        
+
 def upload_post_handler(args):
     def create_data(filename):
         if filename in data:
@@ -32,7 +33,7 @@ def upload_post_handler(args):
             for w in [x.lower() for x in re.split("[^a-zA-Z]+", f.read()) if len(x) > 0 and x.lower() not in stops]:
                 word_freqs[w] = word_freqs.get(w, 0) + 1
         word_freqsl = word_freqs.items()
-        word_freqsl.sort(lambda x, y: cmp(y[1], x[1]))
+        word_freqsl.sort(key=lambda x: x[1], reverse=True)
         data[filename] = word_freqsl
 
     if args == None:
@@ -49,7 +50,7 @@ def word_get_handler(args):
         if word_index < len(data[filename]):
             return data[filename][word_index]
         else:
-            return ("no more words", 0) 
+            return ("no more words", 0)
 
     filename = args[0]; word_index = args[1]
     word_info = get_word(filename, word_index)
@@ -57,16 +58,16 @@ def word_get_handler(args):
     rep += "\n\nWhat would you like to do next?"
     rep += "\n1 - Quit" + "\n2 - Upload file"
     rep += "\n3 - See next most-frequently occurring word"
-    links = {"1" : ["post", "execution", None], 
-             "2" : ["get", "file_form", None], 
+    links = {"1" : ["post", "execution", None],
+             "2" : ["get", "file_form", None],
              "3" : ["get", "word", [filename, word_index+1]]}
     return rep, links
 
 # Handler registration
 handlers = {"post_execution" : quit_handler,
-            "get_default" : default_get_handler, 
-            "get_file_form" : upload_get_handler, 
-            "post_file" : upload_post_handler, 
+            "get_default" : default_get_handler,
+            "get_file_form" : upload_get_handler,
+            "post_file" : upload_post_handler,
             "get_word" : word_get_handler }
 
 # The "server" core
@@ -81,7 +82,7 @@ def handle_request(verb, uri, args):
 
 # A very simple client "browser"
 def render_and_get_input(state_representation, links):
-    print state_representation
+    print(state_representation)
     sys.stdout.flush()
     if type(links) is dict: # many possible next states
         input = sys.stdin.readline().strip()
diff --git a/34-the-c-flow/tf-34.py b/34-the-c-flow/tf-34.py
index 67f5220..2f76dd2 100755
--- a/34-the-c-flow/tf-34.py
+++ b/34-the-c-flow/tf-34.py
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python
 
+from __future__ import print_function
 import sys, re, operator, string, inspect
 
 # Reusing the defensive style program to illustrate this
@@ -20,7 +21,7 @@ def extract_words(path_to_file):
             with open(path_to_file) as f:
                 str_data = f.read()
         except IOError as e:
-            print "I/O error({0}) when opening {1}: {2}".format(e.errno, path_to_file, e.strerror)
+            print("I/O error({0}) when opening {1}: {2}".format(e.errno, path_to_file, e.strerror))
             fail = True
     
         if not fail:
@@ -31,7 +32,7 @@ def extract_words(path_to_file):
                 with open('../stop_words.txt') as f:
                     stop_words = f.read().split(',')
             except IOError as e:
-                print "I/O error({0}) when opening ../stops_words.txt: {1}".format(e.errno, e.strerror)
+                print("I/O error({0}) when opening ../stops_words.txt: {1}".format(e.errno, e.strerror))
                 fail = True
 
             if not fail:
@@ -44,7 +45,7 @@ def frequencies(word_list):
     Takes a list of words and returns a dictionary associating
     words with frequencies of occurrence
     """
-    if type(word_list) is list and word_list <> []:
+    if type(word_list) is list and word_list != []:
         word_freqs = {}
         for w in word_list:
             if w in word_freqs:
@@ -61,7 +62,7 @@ def sort(word_freq):
     and returns a list of pairs where the entries are
     sorted by frequency 
     """
-    if type(word_freq) is dict and word_freq <> {}:
+    if type(word_freq) is dict and word_freq != {}:
         return sorted(word_freq.iteritems(), key=operator.itemgetter(1), reverse=True)
     else:
         return []
@@ -73,5 +74,5 @@ filename = sys.argv[1] if len(sys.argv) > 1 else "../input.txt"
 word_freqs = sort(frequencies(extract_words(filename)))
 
 for tf in word_freqs[0:25]:
-    print tf[0], ' - ', tf[1]
+    print(tf[0], ' - ', tf[1])